Cut and Sew Operation insurance requirements in Virginia

Manufactures, fabricates or processes goods as a cut and sew operation, selling into wholesale, retail or direct channels. Below: what Virginia statute requires, what your clients will demand on a certificate of insurance, and a modelled annual cost of $3,650–$15,200.

The short answer

A cut and sew operation in Virginia normally needs 3 policies, costing about $6,700 a year.

  • 01
    Commercial Auto Liability

    Required by law.

  • 02
    General Liability

    Clients will not let you start without it.

  • 03
    Commercial Umbrella / Excess

    Clients will not let you start without it.

4 more coverages may apply depending on your contracts — the full breakdown, limits and reasoning are below. Cost is a modelled range of $3,650–$15,200, not a quote.

Step 1 of 4

What you are actually required to carry

Workers' compensation in Virginia

Not mandated at your headcount. Sole proprietors may elect in.

Statutory threshold on file: 3 employees · Virginia Board for Contractors (DPOR) · statutory citation and enforcement detail below

  1. Commercial Auto Liability

    Required by law

    Liability for vehicles owned or used by the business.

    Typical limits
    $1M

    Any vehicle titled to the business or used primarily for business needs a commercial auto policy; a personal auto policy will deny a business-use claim. Contracts standardly require a $1M combined single limit.

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  2. General Liability

    Required by contract

    Third-party bodily injury and property damage arising from your operations.

    Typical limits
    $1M – $2M

    No state requires general liability by statute, but essentially every client contract, lease and job-site agreement demands $1M per occurrence / $2M aggregate. Treat it as mandatory in practice.

    • Job-site work means you will be asked for additional insured (CG 20 10 / CG 20 37), primary and non-contributory wording, and a waiver of subrogation.
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  3. Commercial Umbrella / Excess

    Required by contract

    Extra limit sitting above GL, auto and employers liability.

    Typical limits
    $1M – $5M

    General contractors and enterprise clients routinely require $2M–$5M of excess limit above the primary policies before they will let you on site.

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  4. Tools & Equipment (Inland Marine)

    Strongly recommended

    Your own tools and portable equipment, on site or in transit.

    Typical limits
    $10,000 – $50,000

    General liability covers other people's property, never your own. Portable tools and equipment in vehicles or on site need an inland marine schedule.

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  5. Product Liability

    Strongly recommended

    Harm caused by a product you make, sell or install.

    Typical limits
    $1M – $2M

    Anything you make, sell, serve or install can injure someone downstream. Confirm products-completed operations has not been excluded from your general liability aggregate.

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  6. Commercial Property

    Strongly recommended

    Your building improvements, inventory and fixed equipment.

    Typical limits
    $100,000 – $1M

    Stock, equipment and tenant improvements at a fixed location are your largest insurable asset after payroll. Add business income cover so a shutdown does not end the business.

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  7. Workers' Compensation

    Situational

    Medical care and lost wages for employees injured on the job.

    Typical limits
    $100,000 – $1M

    Triggered by your state's employee threshold. Employers liability (Part B) limits are what contracts actually specify.

    • Virginia requires coverage at 3 employees. Sole proprietors may elect in.
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The law behind this in Virginia

Va. Code § 65.2-800

Who it reaches
Three or more employees, counting part-time workers and most subcontractors' employees.
If you go without it
Operating without required coverage exposes the business to stop-work orders, civil penalties assessed per employee per day, personal liability for the full cost of an injured worker's medical care and lost wages, and loss of the statutory defenses that normally cap an employer's exposure. Virginia Workers' Compensation Commission administers enforcement.
Vehicle liability minimums
30/60/20; commercial contracts typically demand $1M CSL
Sources

Citation last checked 2026-07-30. Re-verified on a 180-day cycle. General information, not legal advice.

Step 2 of 4

What this is likely to cost

Low
$3,650/yr

Clean history, minimum limits

Median
$6,700/yr

Typical for your profile

High
$15,200/yr

Prior claims, higher limits, added endorsements

  • Cut and Sew Operation is rated elevated hazard; this drives the general liability base rate more than any other single factor.
  • With no payroll subject to workers' compensation, general liability is your largest line item.
  • Job-site work adds an umbrella requirement, which typically adds $600–$2,500 annually.
  • Virginia prices commercial risk at an index of 78 against a national median of 100, so identical operations cost 22% less here.
  • Claims history, years in business and prior coverage continuity move the final number more than limit selection does.
Line-by-line, from observed data
CoverageObserved range /yr
Commercial Auto Liability
$1,100–$4,050
median $1,900
General Liability
$800–$3,250
median $1,400
Commercial Umbrella / Excess
$550–$2,550
median $1,100
Tools & Equipment (Inland Marine)
$150–$750
median $350
Product Liability
$500–$2,250
median $950
Commercial Property
$550–$2,350
median $1,000
Workers' Compensation
Not counted in the budget above
$1,900–$10,150
median $4,350
Where these cost figures come from

Virginia cost index 78 (national median = 100). Benchmarks are re-verified on a 180-day cycle.

These are observed market ranges for businesses like yours, adjusted for Virginia — not a quote. Your own price depends on claims history, payroll and limits.

Get this schedule quoted

Take these exact limits to a carrier

These are the providers that actually write cut and sew operation risks in Virginia. Bring the limits above with you — quoting the wrong limits is the single most common reason a certificate gets rejected.

CoverWalletBroker marketplace — compares several carriers at once. Useful when your contract demands limits the direct writers will not issue.Next InsuranceOnline quote in about 10 minutes, instant certificate download. Strongest for solo operators and crews under five.Pie InsuranceWorkers' compensation specialist. Usually the cheapest path once you have W-2 employees in a competitive state.biBERKBerkshire Hathaway direct. Low prices on commercial auto and property for established businesses.

Advertising disclosure: we earn a commission if you buy a policy through these links. It costs you nothing extra, and it never changes the coverage schedule above — requirements are derived from statute and contract language, not from who pays us.

Step 3 of 4

The certificate you will be asked to produce

Certificate of Liability Insurance
Producer
Your agency of record
Insured
Cut and Sew Operation LLC
Virginia
Coverages
Commercial General Liability$1M occ / $2M agg
Automobile Liability$1M combined single limit
Workers Compensation & Employers LiabilityStatutory / $1M E.L.
Umbrella / Excess Liability$5M each occurrence
Description of operations / special provisions

Certificate holder is named as additional insured on a primary and non-contributory basis per written contract. Waiver of subrogation applies.

Certificate holder
The client, landlord or general contractor requesting proof
  • Producer

    Your agent or broker. Whoever issues the certificate — you never write it yourself.

  • Insured

    Your exact legal entity name. If it does not match the name on the contract, the certificate gets rejected.

  • Certificate holder

    The party asking for proof. Being listed here gives them notice, nothing more.

  • Additional insured

    The box that actually matters. This extends your policy to defend them. It requires an endorsement, not a checkbox.

Contract language collected for your exposures
General contractor (subcontract exhibit)

"Subcontractor shall name Contractor, Owner and their agents as additional insureds on a primary and non-contributory basis, including ongoing and completed operations, with a waiver of subrogation in favor of all additional insureds."

$1M occurrence / $2M aggregate GL, $1M auto, statutory WC with $1M employers liability, $2M umbrella

Enterprise client (master services agreement)

"Supplier shall maintain the coverages set forth herein for the term of this Agreement and for two (2) years thereafter, and shall provide certificates evidencing such coverage upon execution and annually upon renewal."

$1M/$2M GL, $1M professional liability, $1M cyber where data is processed

Step 4 of 4

What an agent will ask you

  • 01Annual sales and the percentage exported
  • 02Do you design the product or build to a customer's specification?
  • 03Building, equipment and inventory values
  • 04Do you have a documented quality control and recall procedure?
  • 05Payroll by manufacturing class code
How a cut and sew operation claim actually happens

A component you manufactured fails in the field, causing property damage and injury downstream. Product liability and completed operations respond, and your customer's purchase order almost certainly requires you to add them as an additional insured.

Get this schedule quoted

Take these exact limits to a carrier

These are the providers that actually write cut and sew operation risks in Virginia. Bring the limits above with you — quoting the wrong limits is the single most common reason a certificate gets rejected.

CoverWalletBroker marketplace — compares several carriers at once. Useful when your contract demands limits the direct writers will not issue.Next InsuranceOnline quote in about 10 minutes, instant certificate download. Strongest for solo operators and crews under five.Pie InsuranceWorkers' compensation specialist. Usually the cheapest path once you have W-2 employees in a competitive state.biBERKBerkshire Hathaway direct. Low prices on commercial auto and property for established businesses.

Advertising disclosure: we earn a commission if you buy a policy through these links. It costs you nothing extra, and it never changes the coverage schedule above — requirements are derived from statute and contract language, not from who pays us.

Change the inputs

Your headcount and contracts move this schedule

This page assumes a small crew with job-site work, signed contracts and vehicles. Run the engine to change employees and exposures.

Open in the requirements engine

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